Showing titles in Armed Forces
-
-
To Rule the Waves
- How the British Navy Changed the Modern World
- By: Arthur Herman
- Narrated by: John Curless
- Length: 29 hrs and 57 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
To Rule the Waves tells the extraordinary story of how the British Royal Navy allowed one nation to rise to a level of power unprecedented in history. From the navy's beginnings under Henry VIII to the age of computer warfare and special ops, historian Arthur Herman tells the spellbinding tale of great battles at sea, heroic sailors, violent conflict, and personal tragedy - of the way one mighty institution forged a nation, an empire, and a new world.
-
-
I thought i'd like this and boy did i ever.
- By Anonymous User on 12-07-17
-
To Rule the Waves
- How the British Navy Changed the Modern World
- Narrated by: John Curless
- Length: 29 hrs and 57 mins
- Release date: 19-12-16
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Regular price: £29.99
-
-
-
Unbreakable
- The trailblazing SAS soldier who never backed down
- By: Melvyn Downes, Billy Billingham - foreword
- Narrated by: Daon Broni
- Length: 7 hrs and 57 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
A frightened boy pursued by racist bullies who grew up to become a trailblazing soldier in the British Army and then the SAS, Melvyn Downes was one of the first British-born Black men to join the elite regiment. During his 24 years of service, he was involved in secret missions across more than 50 countries and since leaving active duty has travelled to some of the world’s most dangerous places, protecting charity workers and journalists amidst natural disasters and in brutal conflict zones.
-
-
Great book
- By Karl H on 25-06-25
-
Unbreakable
- The trailblazing SAS soldier who never backed down
- Narrated by: Daon Broni
- Length: 7 hrs and 57 mins
- Release date: 12-06-25
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Regular price: £12.99
-
-
-
The Greatest Raid of All
- Operation Chariot and the Mission to Destroy the Normandie Dock at St Nazaire
- By: C.E. Lucas Phillips
- Narrated by: Stewart Crank
- Length: 11 hrs and 18 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
St Nazaire, 1.22 a.m. 28th March 1942. HMS Cambeltown, supported by seventeen wooden motor launches, approached the German-held port intending to smash into the lock gates of the largest dock in the world; the Normandie Dock-Operation Chariot was in full swing. Against vicious Nazi gunfire, the commandos stormed the docks, and within half an hour, succeeded in their chief demolition objectives, but in the heat of battle, the Royal Navy had lost nearly all of its small vessels intended to carry them back to England.
-
-
Is there a more remarkable raid in WWIi?
- By Rollon2021 on 24-06-25
-
The Greatest Raid of All
- Operation Chariot and the Mission to Destroy the Normandie Dock at St Nazaire
- Narrated by: Stewart Crank
- Series: Daring Military Operations of World War Two
- Length: 11 hrs and 18 mins
- Release date: 26-04-22
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Regular price: £15.99
-
-
-
We Few
- US Special Forces in Vietnam
- By: Nick Brokhausen
- Narrated by: George Spelvin
- Length: 14 hrs and 7 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
A Green Beret's gripping memoir of American Special Forces in Southeast Asia during the Vietnam War.
-
-
The most entertaining Vietnam macvsog recall
- By Paul Tobin on 18-07-19
-
We Few
- US Special Forces in Vietnam
- Narrated by: George Spelvin
- Length: 14 hrs and 7 mins
- Release date: 30-10-18
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Regular price: £21.99
-
-
-
Task Force Black
- The explosive true story of the SAS and the secret war in Iraq
- By: Mark Urban
- Narrated by: Mark Urban
- Length: 9 hrs and 32 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
Following the toppling of Saddam Hussein's regime in Iraq in 2003, the SAS launched one of the most intense and secretive operations in its history: Task Force Black. BBC journalist Mark Urban uncovers the sensational story of this operation and the extraordinary men who carried it out.
-
-
History Lesson
- By Amazon Customer on 09-11-24
-
Task Force Black
- The explosive true story of the SAS and the secret war in Iraq
- Narrated by: Mark Urban
- Length: 9 hrs and 32 mins
- Release date: 23-09-24
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Regular price: £29.99
-
-
-
The Siege
- The Remarkable Story of the Greatest SAS Hostage Drama
- By: Ben Macintyre
- Narrated by: Ben Macintyre
- Length: 14 hrs and 27 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
On April 30, 1980, six heavily armed gunmen burst into the Iranian embassy on Princes Gate, overlooking Hyde Park in London. There they took 26 hostages, including embassy staff, visitors, and three British citizens. A tense six-day siege ensued as millions gathered around screens across the country to witness the longest news flash in British television history, in which police negotiators and psychiatrists sought a bloodless end to the standoff, while the SAS – hitherto an organisation shrouded in secrecy – laid plans for a daring rescue mission: Operation Nimrod.
-
-
Gripping tale but with clear inaccuracies
- By Amazon Customer on 16-09-24
-
The Siege
- The Remarkable Story of the Greatest SAS Hostage Drama
- Narrated by: Ben Macintyre
- Length: 14 hrs and 27 mins
- Release date: 12-09-24
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Regular price: £12.99
-
-
-
A Bridge Too Far
- By: Cornelius Ryan
- Narrated by: Clive Chafer
- Length: 18 hrs and 11 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
A Bridge Too Far is Cornelius Ryan’s masterly chronicle of the Battle of Arnhem, which marshaled the greatest armada of troop-carrying aircraft ever assembled and cost the Allies nearly twice as many casualties as D-day. In this compelling work of history, Ryan narrates the Allied effort to end the war in Europe in 1944 by dropping the combined airborne forces of the American and British armies behind German lines to capture the crucial bridge across the Rhine at Arnhem. Focusing on a vast cast of characters, Ryan brings to life one of the most ill-fated operations of the war.
-
-
Amazing book ruined by awful narration
- By Richard Smith on 17-11-16
-
A Bridge Too Far
- Narrated by: Clive Chafer
- Length: 18 hrs and 11 mins
- Release date: 27-06-12
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Regular price: £16.99
-
-
-
Fleet Air Arm Boys: Air Defence Fighter Aircraft Since 1945
- True Tales from Royal Navy Aircrew, Maintainers and Handlers
- By: Steve Bond
- Narrated by: Roger Davis
- Length: 13 hrs and 52 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
A history of the Royal Navy’s FAA since 1945, featuring a survey of the aircraft flown, the conflicts fought, and the daily life of those in service. The RAF’s continuing role in the projection of air power in the defence of the United Kingdom and its overseas interests since the end of the Second World War is well known. However, the same cannot always be said about the Royal Navy’s Fleet Air Arm (FAA).
-
Fleet Air Arm Boys: Air Defence Fighter Aircraft Since 1945
- True Tales from Royal Navy Aircrew, Maintainers and Handlers
- Narrated by: Roger Davis
- Length: 13 hrs and 52 mins
- Release date: 04-06-25
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Regular price: £18.99
-
-
-
SAS Great Escapes Four
- By: Damien Lewis
- Narrated by: Matt Bates
- Length: 10 hrs and 14 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
SAS Great Escapes Four recounts how soldiers of the world's most famous fighting force, the SAS, carried out some of the most daring escapes of World War Two. Ranging from the infamous desert campaign of 1944 to the unforgiving terrain of the Vosges Mountains, these inspirational narratives include the tale of three Captains escaping an Italian Prisoner of War Camp in 1943; a perilous escape across Europe aided by the Resistance networks of Holland, Belgium; and a death-defying return to Britain via boat, tunnel and train.
-
-
Unbelievable, but true stories of survival
- By Jamie Mclaren-Smith on 03-06-25
-
SAS Great Escapes Four
- Narrated by: Matt Bates
- Series: SAS Great Escapes, Book 4
- Length: 10 hrs and 14 mins
- Release date: 22-05-25
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Regular price: £15.99
-
-
-
A Handful of Hard Men
- The SAS and the Battle for Rhodesia
- By: Hannes Wessels
- Narrated by: Jack Chekijian
- Length: 12 hrs and 17 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
It is difficult to find another soldier's story to equal Captain Darrell Watt's in terms of time spent on the field of battle and challenges faced. Even by the lofty standards of the SAS and Special Forces, one has to look far to find anyone who can match his record of resilience and valor in the face of such daunting odds and with resources so paltry. In the fight, he showed himself to be a military maestro. After 12 years in the cauldron of war, his cause slipped from beneath him, and Rhodesia gave way to Zimbabwe.
-
-
Total rubbish don't waste your money!!
- By Chris on 20-02-18
-
A Handful of Hard Men
- The SAS and the Battle for Rhodesia
- Narrated by: Jack Chekijian
- Length: 12 hrs and 17 mins
- Release date: 08-08-17
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Regular price: £21.99
-
-
-
Big Boys' Rules
- The SAS and the Secret Struggle Against the IRA
- By: Mark Urban
- Narrated by: Mark Urban
- Length: 11 hrs and 26 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
In 2007, after almost 40 years of operations, the SAS ceased operations in Northern Ireland and ended the longest operational commitment in the unit's history. Starting in 1969, Mark Urban reveals the extraordinary history of the special forces' operations in Northern Ireland and the unenviable dilemmas faced by intelligence chiefs engaged in a daily struggle against one of the world's most sophisticated terrorist organisations.
-
-
Clarity and content of book
- By Amazonjuan Customer on 28-01-25
-
Big Boys' Rules
- The SAS and the Secret Struggle Against the IRA
- Narrated by: Mark Urban
- Length: 11 hrs and 26 mins
- Release date: 03-01-25
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Regular price: £29.99
-
-
-
Seven Troop
- By: Andy McNab
- Narrated by: Paul Thornley
- Length: 10 hrs and 59 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
They were like a band of brothers...In 1983 Andy McNab was assigned to B Squadron, one of the four Sabre Squadrons of the SAS, and within it to Air Troop, otherwise known as SEVEN TROOP. This is Andy McNab's gripping account of the time he served in the company of a remarkable group of men - from the day, freshly badged, he joined them in the Malayan jungle, to the day, ten years later, that he handed in his sand-coloured beret and started a new life.
-
-
Disappointing
- By shane on 13-10-16
-
Seven Troop
- Narrated by: Paul Thornley
- Length: 10 hrs and 59 mins
- Release date: 15-01-15
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Regular price: £12.99
-
-
-
Goose Green
- The Decisive Battle of the Falklands War – by the British Troops Who Fought It
- By: Nigel Ely
- Narrated by: Jonathan Keeble
- Length: 11 hrs and 54 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
On 28 May 1982, 450 men of the 2nd Battalion, the Parachute Regiment—2 Para—went into action to retake the settlement of Goose Green on East Falkland, where more than 1,000 Argentine soldiers were holding 119 Falkland Islanders—men, women, children and one baby—in squalid conditions. Forty years on, Goose Green is still the biggest and bloodiest battle the British Army has fought in modern times. This book is the living narrative of the battle told by the very men who fought it.
-
-
Superb telling of the battle story.
- By Psaronius on 12-05-22
-
Goose Green
- The Decisive Battle of the Falklands War – by the British Troops Who Fought It
- Narrated by: Jonathan Keeble
- Length: 11 hrs and 54 mins
- Release date: 17-02-22
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Regular price: £29.99
-
-
-
To the Limit
- An Air Cav Huey Pilot in Vietnam
- By: Tom A. Johnson
- Narrated by: David Drummond
- Length: 13 hrs and 57 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
From June 1967 to June 1968, Tom Johnson accumulated an astonishing 1,600 flying hours piloting the UH-1 "Iroquois" - better known as the "Huey" - as part of the famous First Air Cavalry Division. His battalion was one of the most decorated units of the Vietnam War, and helped redefine modern warfare. Johnson's riveting memoir takes us into key battles and rescue missions, including those for Hue and Khe Sanh. In harrowing detail, he tells of being shot down in the battle of A Shau Valley, of surviving enemy attacks during the Tet Offensive, and of a death-defying nighttime river rescue.
-
-
Best ever Vietnam War Audiobook!
- By D. B. Syme on 14-11-19
-
To the Limit
- An Air Cav Huey Pilot in Vietnam
- Narrated by: David Drummond
- Length: 13 hrs and 57 mins
- Release date: 14-08-18
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Regular price: £21.99
-
-
-
SAS South Georgia Boating Club
- An SAS Trooper’s Memoir and Falklands War Diary
- By: Tony Shaw
- Narrated by: Tony Shaw
- Length: 11 hrs and 3 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
Many aspire to serve with the Special Air Service, arguably the world's most prestigious regiment, but few achieve their aim. In this inspiring memoir veteran Tony Shaw recounts how he left school without any qualifications and embarked on a 30 year career much of it spent in Hereford, including four years in 'The Regiment'. Against the odds he rose through the ranks before being commissioned and eventually retiring as a Major. A brilliant and important account of one man's unique career which provides a fascinating insight into elite special forces soldiering.
-
-
Amazing
- By dan on 19-06-25
-
SAS South Georgia Boating Club
- An SAS Trooper’s Memoir and Falklands War Diary
- Narrated by: Tony Shaw
- Length: 11 hrs and 3 mins
- Release date: 28-04-25
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Regular price: £31.99
-
-
-
First into Action
- A Dramatic Personal Account of Life Inside the SBS
- By: Duncan Falconer
- Narrated by: Duncan Falconer
- Length: 13 hrs and 59 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
The Special Boat Service (SBS) has long been the forgotten sibling of British Special Forces, but no longer. Duncan Falconer's grippingly personal memoir finally lifts the lid on life, loss, training and operations in the toughest unit of them all—the SBS. From joining up as a teenager, through SBS recruitment, training, and operational detachments, First into Action takes us on a journey through the SBS's history, operations and tactics seen through the lens of Duncan Falconer's remarkable story.
-
-
Much needed Account of the SBS
- By peter on 02-12-22
-
First into Action
- A Dramatic Personal Account of Life Inside the SBS
- Narrated by: Duncan Falconer
- Length: 13 hrs and 59 mins
- Release date: 26-08-22
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Regular price: £23.99
-
-
-
Harrier
- How to Be a Fighter Pilot
- By: Paul Tremelling
- Narrated by: Finlay Robertson
- Length: 9 hrs and 29 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
Paul Tremelling was just seven years old when he watched the Royal Navy's Sea Harriers leave their home base in Somerset to do battle against the Argentine Air Force in the Falklands War. Two decades later, he would join this exclusive club, one of an elite band of Fleet Air Arm fighter pilots, charged with standing in the way of Her Majesty's enemies. This is the story of what it takes to make it in the dog-eat-dog arena of fighter combat. In the cockpit or crew room, the pressure is relentless, the humour merciless. It's no place for the faint-hearted.
-
-
Great Story, narration let it down a little
- By J. Chettleburgh on 04-09-23
-
Harrier
- How to Be a Fighter Pilot
- Narrated by: Finlay Robertson
- Length: 9 hrs and 29 mins
- Release date: 28-04-22
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Regular price: £12.99
-
-
-
Tango 1-1
- 9th Infantry Division LRPs in the Vietnam Delta
- By: Jim Thayer
- Narrated by: Corey M. Snow
- Length: 5 hrs and 38 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
LRPs were all volunteers. They were in the spine-tingling, brain-twisting, nerve-wracking business of Long Range Patrolling. They varied in age from eighteen to thirty. These men operated in precision movements, like walking through a jungle quietly and being able to tell whether a man or an animal is moving through the brush without seeing the cause of movement. They could sit in an ambush for hours without moving a muscle except to ease the safety off the automatic weapon in their hand at the first sign of trouble. These men were good because they had to be to survive.
-
-
Another great account by a three times wounded veteran.
- By Mr R Hollingsworth on 25-06-25
-
Tango 1-1
- 9th Infantry Division LRPs in the Vietnam Delta
- Narrated by: Corey M. Snow
- Length: 5 hrs and 38 mins
- Release date: 08-11-22
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Regular price: £12.99
-
-
-
Soldier ‘I’
- The Story of an SAS Hero
- By: Michael Paul Kennedy, Pete Winner, Andy McNab
- Narrated by: Paul Thornley
- Length: 15 hrs and 2 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
No publicity, no media. We move in silently, do our job, and melt away into the background. If you have the stamina, the willpower and the guts, we'll welcome you with open arms and make you one of us. And if you haven't, then it's been very nice knowing you. Eighteen years in the SAS saw Pete Winner, codenamed Soldier 'I', survive the savage battle of Mirbat, parachute into the icy depths of the South Atlantic at the height of the Falklands War and storm the Iranian Embassy during the most famous hostage crisis in the modern world.
-
-
Action and entertainment from start to finish.
- By Del on 07-01-22
-
Soldier ‘I’
- The Story of an SAS Hero
- Narrated by: Paul Thornley
- Series: S.A.S. Series, Book 9
- Length: 15 hrs and 2 mins
- Release date: 09-12-21
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Regular price: £14.99
-
-
-
SAS Forged in Hell
- From desert rats to dogs of war. The Second in the Paddy Mayne Trilogy.
- By: Damien Lewis
- Narrated by: Matt Bates
- Length: 12 hrs and 29 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
In the summer of 1943, the largest invasion fleet ever assembled sailed for fortress Europe, aiming to bulldoze its way onto Nazi shores. At its vanguard went a few hundred elite forces soldiers, the Royal Navy warship carrying them bearing the iconic winged dagger emblem on its prow, plus the motto 'Who Dares Wins'. Led by the legendary SAS commander Blair 'Paddy' Mayne, these war-bitten, piratical raiders were tasked to do the impossible - to bludgeon their way through the most heavily defended enemy shoreline, so enabling the ensuing forces to follow on.
-
-
Excellent
- By Mr C. on 12-06-25
-
SAS Forged in Hell
- From desert rats to dogs of war. The Second in the Paddy Mayne Trilogy.
- Narrated by: Matt Bates
- Length: 12 hrs and 29 mins
- Release date: 26-10-23
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Regular price: £15.99
-